Gramatika: Daiktavardžiai – daugiskaitos formos
October 12, 2025
GRAMATIKA. DAIKTAVARDŽIŲ DAUGISKITA
Kai kurie anglų kalbos daiktavardžiai daugiskaitą sudaro ne pagal bendras taisykles.
1. Žodžiai, kurie baigiasi „f“ arba „fe“:
f → v + –es
| Vienaskaita | Daugiskaita | Tarimas | Vertimas |
|---|---|---|---|
| a half | halves | /hɑːlvz/ | pusės |
| a knife | knives | /naɪvz/ | peiliai |
| a leaf | leaves | /liːvz/ | lapai |
| a life | lives | /laɪvz/ | gyvenimai |
| a shelf | shelves | /ʃelvz/ | lentynos |
| a thief | thieves | /θiːvz/ | vagys |
| a wife | wives | /waɪvz/ | žmonos |
| a wolf | wolves | /wʊlvz/ | vilkai |
Išimtis:
a roof → roofs – stogai
a proof → proofs – įrodymai
2. Keičiasi šaknies balsis:
| Vienaskaita | Daugiskaita | Tarimas | Vertimas |
|---|---|---|---|
| a man | men | /men/ | vyrai |
| a woman | women | /ˈwɪmɪn/ | moterys |
| a foot | feet | /fiːt/ | pėdos |
| a goose | geese | /giːs/ | žąsys |
| a tooth | teeth | /tiːθ/ | dantys |
| a mouse | mice | /maɪs/ | pelės |
3. Daugiskaita su galūne –en:
| Vienaskaita | Daugiskaita | Tarimas | Vertimas |
|---|---|---|---|
| a child | children | /ˈtʃɪldrən/ | vaikai |
| an ox | oxen | /ˈɒksən/ | jaučiai |
4. Tą pati forma:
| Vienaskaita | Daugiskaita | Tarimas | Vertimas |
|---|---|---|---|
| a deer | deer | /dɪə(r)/ | elnias / elniai |
| a fish | fish | /fɪʃ/ | žuvis / žuvys |
5. Tik vienaskaita:
advice, business, furniture, hair, knowledge, money, moustache, news
6. Tik daugiskaita:
clothes, earnings, glasses, goods, jeans, scissors, tights, trousers
7. Žodis „people“
people – žmonės
peoples – tautos
LETTER WRITING – LAIŠKO RAŠYMAS
8 Park Street
Kaunas 45126
Lithuania
February 10, 2006
The Sun newspaper
5 Elm Road
London NW 24
England
Dear Mr Green,
I have read the advertisement in the newspaper.
I want to spend my summer holidays in England.
Please write everything about the trip.
Yours sincerely,
Emily Wood
Žodynėlis
| Angliškas žodis | Tarimas | Lietuviškai |
|---|---|---|
| dear | /dɪə(r)/ | brangus |
| advertisement | /ədˈvɜːtɪsmənt/ | skelbimas |
| newspaper | /ˈnjuːspeɪpə(r)/ | laikraštis |
| holidays | /ˈhɒlədeɪz/ | atostogos |
| sincerely | /sɪnˈsɪəli/ | nuoširdžiai |
| signature | /ˈsɪɡnətʃə(r)/ | parašas |
| trip | – | kelionė |
Exercises
Exercise 1Irregular Plural Forms
Write the correct plural form of each word.
- leaf → __
- thief → __
- life → __
- wolf → __
- wife → __
- roof → __
- tooth → __
- mouse → __
- foot → __
- goose → __
Exercise 2Change to Singular
Write the singular form.
- knives → __
- men → __
- teeth → __
- children → __
- oxen → __
- mice → __
- wives → __
- people → __
- geese → __
- leaves → __
Exercise 3True or False
Mark each statement as True or False.
- The plural of “man” is “mans”.
- The plural of “tooth” is “teeth”.
- The plural of “child” is “childs”.
- “People” means “persons”.
- “Deer” has the same form in singular and plural.
- The plural of “knife” is “knifes”.
- “News” is always plural.
- “Jeans” is a singular noun.
- The plural of “mouse” is “mouses”.
- “Scissors” is used only in plural.
Exercise 4Fill in the Gaps
Complete the sentences with the correct form (singular/plural).
- My __ are dirty. (jeans)
- The __ are sleeping under the tree. (children)
- I see two __ in the garden. (mice)
- Her __ is brown. (hair)
- My father has two __. (cars)
- The __ of this tree are green. (leaves)
- The __ is new. (roof)
- These __ are old. (books)
- His __ is white. (shirt)
- My __ hurts. (tooth)
Exercise 5Match the Words
Match the singular form with its plural.
| Singular | Plural |
|---|---|
| a man | ? |
| a woman | ? |
| a tooth | ? |
| a foot | ? |
| a child | ? |
| a mouse | ? |
| a wolf | ? |
| a knife | ? |
| an ox | ? |
| a fish | ? |
Exercise 6Use in Sentences
Write sentences using each plural word.
Example:
- knives → I use sharp knives to cut vegetables.
- knives
- leaves
- mice
- teeth
- wolves
- wives
- men
- children
- fish
- jeans
Exercise 7Choose the Correct Form
Choose the correct word.
- My (child / children) are in school.
- There are many (leaf / leaves) on the ground.
- The (man / men) are working.
- I have two (tooth / teeth).
- The (mouse / mice) are small.
- His (wife / wives) is very kind.
- Those (goose / geese) are white.
- I like your (jean / jeans).
- A (fish / fishes) is swimming.
- My (foot / feet) are cold.
Exercise 8Letter Practice
Write a short letter (4–5 sentences) using some of these words:
- newspaper
- holidays
- trip
- sincerely
- advertisement
Example beginning:
Dear Sir or Madam,
I have read your advertisement about summer holidays in England...
Exercise 9Translate to English
Translate these sentences into English.
- Mano žinios yra geros.
- Jo žmona yra graži.
- Lapai yra žali.
- Žąsys skrenda.
- Aš turiu naujus džinsus.
- Mūsų vaikai žaidžia.
- Pinigai yra svarbūs.
- Patarimas yra geras.
- Mano dantys balti.
- Tavo akiniai yra ant stalo.
Exercise 10Count and Write
Write numbers and nouns correctly in English.
- 8 kelionės → __
- 43 lentynos → __
- 13 žuvų → __
- 56 vyrai → __
- 17 laikraščių → __
- 115 žąsų → __
- 10 vaikų → __
- 9 lapai → __
- 2 vagys → __
- 5 peiliai → __