Present Simple – To Be (būti)
October 12, 2025
GRAMATIKA. PAPRASTASIS ESAMASIS LAIKAS – PRESENT SIMPLE
Veiksmažodis to be – būti
Asmenavimas
Teigiamoji forma
| Angliškai | Lietuviškai |
|---|---|
| I am | aš esu |
| You are | tu esi |
| He is | jis yra |
| She is | ji yra |
| It is | jis, ji (d.) yra |
| We are | mes esame |
| You are | jūs esate |
| They are | jie, jos yra |
Neigiamoji forma
| Angliškai | Lietuviškai |
|---|---|
| I am not | aš nesu |
| You are not | tu nesi |
| He is not | jis nėra |
| She is not | ji nėra |
| It is not | jis, ji (d.) nėra |
| We are not | mes nesame |
| You are not | jūs nesate |
| They are not | jie, jos nėra |
Klausiamoji forma
| Klausimas | Vertimas |
|---|---|
| Am I? | Ar aš esu? |
| Are you? | Ar tu esi? |
| Is he? | Ar jis yra? |
| Is she? | Ar ji yra? |
| Is it? | Ar jis, ji (d.) yra? |
| Are we? | Ar mes esame? |
| Are you? | Ar jūs esate? |
| Are they? | Ar jie, jos yra? |
Atsakymai
Teigiami
| Klausimas | Atsakymas |
|---|---|
| Am I? | Yes, I am. – Taip, aš esu. |
| Are you? | Yes, you are. – Taip, tu esi. |
| Is he? | Yes, he is. – Taip, jis yra. |
| Is she? | Yes, she is. – Taip, ji yra. |
| Is it? | Yes, it is. – Taip, jis (d.) yra. |
| Are we? | Yes, we are. – Taip, mes esame. |
| Are you? | Yes, you are. – Taip, jūs esate. |
| Are they? | Yes, they are. – Taip, jie, jos yra. |
Neigiami
| Klausimas | Atsakymas |
|---|---|
| Am I? | No, I am not. – Ne, aš nesu. |
| Are you? | No, you are not. – Ne, tu nesi. |
| Is he? | No, he is not. – Ne, jis nėra. |
| Is she? | No, she is not. – Ne, ji nėra. |
| Is it? | No, it is not. – Ne, jis, ji (d.) nėra. |
| Are we? | No, we are not. – Ne, mes nesame. |
| Are you? | No, you are not. – Ne, jūs nesate. |
| Are they? | No, they are not. – Ne, jie, jos nėra. |
Paaiškinimas
Pagalbinis veiksmažodis to be nevartojamas asmenuojant kitus veiksmažodžius.
Lietuvių kalboje veiksmažodis „būti“ gali būti praleidžiamas, tačiau anglų kalboje – negalima jo praleisti.
Pavyzdžiai:
- These flowers are fine. – Šios gėlės gražios.
- The stamp is on the envelope. – Pašto ženklas ant voko.
Klausiamųjų sakinių sandara
Klausiamuosiuose sakiniuose tarinys eina prieš veiksnį.
Trumpai atsakant į klausimą, po žodžių yes / no reikia pakartoti veiksnį ir tarinį.
Pavyzdžiai:
- Are these flowers fine? — Yes, they are. / No, they are not.
- Is the stamp on the envelope? — Yes, it is. / No, it is not.
Šnekamosios kalbos sutrumpintos formos
| Pilna forma | Sutrumpinta forma | Tarimas (IPA) |
|---|---|---|
| is not | isn’t | /ˈɪznt/ |
| are not | aren’t | /ɑːnt/ |
| I am | I’m | /aɪm/ |
| he is | he’s | /hiːz/ |
| she is | she’s | /ʃiːz/ |
| you are | you’re | /jʊə/ |
| we are | we’re | /wɪə/ |
| they are | they’re | /ðeə/ |
✅ Pastaba:
Angliškas I am not reiškia „aš nesu“, o ne „manęs nėra“.
Trumpiniai (I’m, you’re, he’s, aren’t, isn’t) plačiai vartojami šnekamojoje kalboje.
Exercises
Exercise 1Fill in the blanks – To Be
Complete the sentences using am, is, or are.
- I ___ a student.
- She ___ from France.
- They ___ in the park.
- It ___ very cold today.
- We ___ ready.
- You ___ late.
- He ___ my friend.
- The book ___ on the table.
- My parents ___ teachers.
- I ___ happy to see you.
Exercise 2Make questions
Turn the following statements into questions using to be.
- You are tired.
- He is a doctor.
- They are late.
- It is sunny.
- We are at school.
- I am wrong.
- You are from Spain.
- She is a student.
- The children are hungry.
- My car is new.
Exercise 3Short answers
Answer the questions with Yes/No + subject + to be.
- Are you a teacher?
- Is she happy?
- Are they here?
- Is it cold today?
- Are we ready?
- Is he your brother?
- Are you tired?
- Is the cat hungry?
- Are they students?
- Is it your book?
Exercise 4Negative sentences
Rewrite the sentences in the negative form.
- I am a teacher. →
- She is happy. →
- We are ready. →
- It is warm. →
- You are right. →
- He is tall. →
- They are at home. →
- It is a cat. →
- I am late. →
- You are from Canada. →
Exercise 5Match pairs
Match the two columns correctly.
| Column A | Column B |
|---|---|
| I am | a student |
| She is | a teacher |
| They are | friends |
| It is | on the table |
| You are | from England |
| We are | at home |
| He is | tall |
| The dogs are | outside |
| My brother is | kind |
| You and I are | late |
Exercise 6Choose the correct form
Choose the correct form of to be.
-
I ___ happy.
a) is b) are c) am -
They ___ from Italy.
a) is b) are c) am -
She ___ a nurse.
a) is b) are c) am -
We ___ ready.
a) is b) are c) am -
It ___ beautiful.
a) is b) are c) am
Exercise 7Complete the dialogue
Fill in the blanks with the correct form of to be.
Anna: Hi! How _ you?
Tom: I _ fine, thanks. How about you?
Anna: I _ good. Where _ you from?
Tom: I _ from Canada. And you?
Anna: I _ from Lithuania.
Tom: Nice to meet you!
Anna: Nice to meet you too!
Exercise 8True or False
Read the sentences and write True or False.
- I am a banana.
- You are a human.
- She is a doctor.
- They are dogs.
- It is snowing.
- We are at school.
- He is sleeping.
- You are from Mars.
- I am hungry.
- It is hot today.
Exercise 9Correct the mistake
Find and correct the mistakes.
- He are my friend.
- I is tired.
- They am students.
- It are big.
- You is late.
- We am happy.
- She are kind.
- The dog am hungry.
- I are ready.
- He am tall.
Exercise 10Translate into English
Translate these sentences into English using the verb to be.
- Aš esu mokytojas.
- Tu esi studentas.
- Jis yra gydytojas.
- Ji yra graži.
- Mes esame laimingi.
- Jūs esate pavargę.
- Jie yra čia.
- Tai yra šuo.
- Tai yra šaltas rytas.
- Aš esu pasiruošęs.